AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH EVENT IN HEL KETA RITUAL USING DELL HYME’S SPEAKING CONCEPT IN DAWAN COMMUNITY

Abstract

This research aims to find out and describe the linguistic elements of Hel Keta ritual based on the SPEAKING concept by Dell Hymes. The problem of this study is what are linguistic elements in Hel Keta ritual according to Dell Hyme’s SPEAKING concept? The research design used was qualitative descriptive method. The result shows that the linguistic elements of speech event in Hel Keta ritual using Dell Hyme’s Speaking concept in Dawan community are: (1) setting and scenes, this ritual is carried out before the wedding ceremony. The day and date are determined based on the agreement of both families. This ritual is conducted in a river with a semi-formal but serious situation. (2) The participants were prospective bride, prospective groom, the parents of the prospective bride and groom, spokesman, traditional elders, and several close relatives of the prospective bride and groom (3) The ends of this ritual is to resolve problems between the two tribes who had feuded in the past (4) The sequences of the Hel Keta ritual started with the prospective bride and groom with their families gathering in a river. In the middle of the river, the two families stand with position facing each other. The spokesman of the prospective groom delivered the speech first then it will continue by the spokesman of the prospective bride. After that, it will continue with the process of  slaughtering animal, pulling the stick and flowing it into the river along with 7 coins and nipsa'in., next, the two parties exchange kabi (a place to put betel nut) and sopi (palm wine). This ritual ends with eating together in the riverside (5) key or the way the speech delivered in this ritual is loudly with a unique and varied tone (6) instrument to convey the speech in this ritual is using verbal dan non-verbal message. (7) several norms in this ritual are: both of the family are not allowed to greet or enter the territory before ritual is completed, the spokesman must repeat the speech and slaughter a new animal if bad signs are found in the animal, meat or food brought during this ritual must not be brought back home (8) genre or the form of the speech in Hel Keta ritual is traditional speech.